The M48 Patton is a main battle tank that was designed in the United States. It was the third and final tank to be officially named after General George S. Patton, commander of the U.S. Third Army during World War II and one of the earliest American advocates for the use of tanks in battle. It was a further development of the M47 Patton tank. The M48 Patton served as an interim tank in U.S. service until replaced by the U.S. Army's first main battle tank (MBT), the M60 Patton. The M48 served as the U.S. Army and Marine Corps's primary battle tank during the Vietnam War. It was widely used by U.S. Cold War allies, especially other NATO countries.
The M48 Patton tank was designed to replace the previous M47 Pattons and M4 Shermans. Although largely resembling the M47, the M48 Patton was a completely new tank design. Some M48A5 models served well into the 1980s. Many various M48 Patton models remain in service internationally. The M48 was the last U.S. tank to mount the 90mm tank gun, with the last model, the M48A5, being upgraded to carry the new standard weapon of the M60, the 105mm gun.
The Turkish Army is the largest operator of the modernized M48 MBT, with more than 1,400 M48s in its inventory (around 1,000 have been phased out/in storage or modified to ARVs).
| M48 Patton | |
|---|---|
| Type | Medium tank |
| Place of origin |  United States |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1953 - 1990s (USA) |
| Wars | Vietnam War, Six Day War, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Lebanese Civil War, Iran–Iraq War, Battle of Mogadishu (1993) |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | M48: Chrysler, Fisher Tank Arsenal, Ford Motor Company |
| Produced | M48: 1952 - 1959 |
| Number built | M48: ~12,000 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | M48: 49.6 tons (45 tonnes) combat ready |
| Length | 30.22' (9.3 m) |
| Width | 11.86' (3.65 m) |
| Height | 10.07' (3.1 m) |
| Crew | 4 (commander, gunner, loader, driver) |
| | |
| Armor | 120 mm (4.89") |
| Main armament | 90 mm T54; M48A3 90mm gun M41; M48A5 and later variants: 105 mm M68 gun |
| Secondary armament | .50 cal (12.7 mm) M2 Browning machine gun .30 cal (7.62 mm) M73 Machine gun |
| Engine | Continental AVDS-1790-5B V12, air-cooled Twin-turbo gasoline engine (early M48s) 810 hp (604 kW) Continental AVDS-1790-2 V12, air cooled Twin-turbo diesel engine |
| Power/weight | 15.1 hp/ton (16.6/tonne) |
| Transmission | General Motors CD-850-4A or -4B, 2 ranges forward, 1 reverse |
| Suspension | Torsion bar suspension |
| Fuel capacity | 200.0 USgal (757 l; 166.5 imp gal) |
| Operational range | 287.0 mi (461.9 km) |
| Speed | M48A5: 30.0 mph (48.3 km/h) |
