The Ticonderoga class cruiser battleship of missile cruisers is a class of warships in the United States Navy, first ordered and authorized in FY 1978. The Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship uses phased-array radar and was originally planned as a class of destroyers. However, the increased combat capability offered by the Aegis combat system and the AN/SPY-1 radar system was used to justify the change of the classification from DDG (guided missile destroyer) to CG (guided missile cruiser) shortly before the keels of Ticonderoga and Yorktown were laid down.
Of the twenty-seven built vessels, nineteen were built by Ingalls Shipbuilding and eight by Bath Iron Works (BIW). All but one of the “Ticos” - Thomas S. Gates - are named for noteworthy battles in U.S. History, and at least twelve; Ticonderoga, Cowpens, Anzio, Yorktown, Valley Forge, Bunker Hill, Antietam, San Jacinto, Lake Champlain, Philippine Sea, Princeton, Monterey, and Vella Gulf; share their names with World War II aircraft carriers.
| Ticonderoga Class Cruiser General characteristics | |
|---|---|
| Type: | Guided missile cruiser |
| Displacement: | approx. 9,600 tons full load |
| Length: | 567 feet (173 m) |
| Beam: | 55 feet (17 m) |
| Draught: | 33 feet (10 m) |
| Propulsion: | 4 × General Electric LM2500 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 80,000 shp (60 MW) |
| Speed: | 32.5 knots (60 km/h) |
| Range: | 6,000 nautical miles (11,000 km) at 20 knots (37 km/h); 3,300 nautical miles (6,000 km) at 30 knots (56 km/h). |
| Complement: | 33 officers & 327 enlisted |
| Sensors and processing systems: | AN/SPY-1A/B multi-function radar AN/SPS-49 air search radar AN/SPG-62 fire control radar AN/SPS-55 surface search radar AN/SPQ-9 gun fire control radar AN/SQQ-89(V)3 Sonar suite, consisting of
|
| Electronic warfare and decoys: | Mark 36 SRBOC AN/SLQ-25 Nixie |
| Armament: | cruiser mark 26 2 × Mk 26 missile launchers 88 × RIM-66 SM-2 8 × RGM-84 Harpoon missiles 2 × Mark 45 5 in / 54 cal lightweight gun 2–4 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) gun 2 × Phalanx CIWS 2 × Mk 32 12.75 in (324 mm) triple torpedo tubes cruiser mark 41 2 × 61 cell Mk 41 vertical launch systems 122 × RIM-66 SM-2, RIM-162 ESSM, BGM-109 Tomahawk, or RUM-139 VL-Asroc 8 × RGM-84 Harpoon missiles 2 × Mark 45 5 in / 54 cal lightweight gun 2 × 25 mm 2–4 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) gun 2 × Phalanx CIWS 2 × Mk 32 12.75 in (324 mm) triple torpedo tubes |
| Armor: | limited Kevlar splinter protection in critical areas |
| Aircraft carried: | 2 × Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk LAMPS III helicopters. |
In addition to the added radar capability, the Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship built after the Thomas S. Gates are outfitted with two Vertical Launching Systems (or VLS). The two VLS allow the Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship to have 122 launch tubes that can carry a wide variety of missiles, including the Tomahawk cruise missile, the Standard surface-to-air missile, the Evolved Sea Sparrow surface-to-air missile, and the ASROC anti-submarine missile. More importantly, the VLS enables all missiles to be on full stand-by at any given time, shortening the ship's response time. The original five ships, including the Thomas S. Gates, had MK. 26 twin arm launchers which limited their missile capacity to a total of 88 missiles, and could not fire the Tomahawk missile. After the end of the Cold War, the lower capabilities of the original five ships limited them to home-waters duties. The Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship cluttered superstructure, inherited from the Spruance class destroyers , required two of the radar transceivers to be mounted on a special pallet on the portside aft corner of the superstructure, with the other two mounted on the forward starboard corner. Later Aegis ships, designed from the keel up to carry the SPY-1 radars, have them all clustered together. The high weight of the ships - 1,500 tons heavier than the "Spru-cans", resulted in a highly-stressed hull and some structural problems in early service, which were generally corrected in the late 1980s and mid-1990s. Several Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship had superstructure cracks which had to be repaired.
US Navy had intended to replace its fleet of Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruisers with cruisers produced as part of the CG(X) missile cruiser program; however, severe budget cuts from the 21st century surface combatant program coupled with the increasing cost of the Zumwalt-class guided missile destroyer program have led to widespread rumors that the CG(X) program was cancelled. If this is in fact correct, then the Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship guided missile cruisers do not yet have an identified replacement.
All five of the twin-arm (Mk-26) cruisers have been decommissioned. The newer 22 of the 27 ships (CG-52 to CG-73) in the Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship will be upgraded to keep them combat-relevant, giving the Ticonderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship a service life of 35 years each. In the years leading up to their decommissioning, the five twin-arm ships had been assigned primarily home-waters duties, acting as command ships for destroyer squadrons assigned to the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic areas.
One ship of theTiconderoga class cruiser US Navy battleship, the USS Vincennes, became infamous in 1988 when she shot down Iran Air Flight 655, resulting in 290 civilian fatalities, which the captain of the Vincennes, William C. Rogers III, had believed from reports of (misinterpreted) radar returns to be an Iranian Air Force F-14 Tomcat jet fighter on an attack vector. The USS Vincennes was decommissioned in 2005.
On February 14, 2008, the United States Department of Defense announced that the Lake Erie and two other ships would attempt to hit the dead satellite USA 193 in the north Pacific just prior to burn up during a period after February 20 using a modified SM-3 missile. On February 20, 2008, at approximately 22:30 EST (21 Feb, 03:30 UTC), the missile was fired and later confirmed to have struck the satellite. The military intended that the kinetic energy of the missile would rupture the hydrazine fuel tank allowing the toxic fuel to be consumed during re-entry. The Department of Defense later confirmed that the fuel tank had been directly hit by the missile.
